Neurologist vs. Neurosurgeon

A neurologist is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and muscles. In contrast, a neurosurgeon performs surgical procedures on the brain and nervous system. While both work in neurology, their roles and training differ significantly.

Neurologist Job Description

Neurologists diagnose and manage conditions such as strokes, dementia, epilepsy, and neuromuscular diseases. They work in various settings including hospitals, clinics, and academic institutions, where they may also conduct research or teach.

Daily Duties of a Neurologist

• Meet with and examine patients
• Order and interpret diagnostic tests
• Perform evaluations to assess cognitive function

Steps to Become a Neurologist

The journey to becoming a neurologist involves several stages of education and training:

1. Complete a bachelor’s degree (preferably in a science or pre-med field)
2. Take the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT)
3. Attend and graduate from medical school (4 years)
4. Complete a 1-year internship in general medicine
5. Finish a 3-year neurology residency program
6. Pass state licensing exams and obtain national certification

How Long Does It Take to Become a Neurologist?

It typically takes around 12 years to become a neurologist: 4 years of undergraduate studies, 4 years of medical school, a 1-year internship, and a 3-year residency.

Education Requirements for Neurologists

Aspiring neurologists must earn a bachelor’s degree. While no specific major is required, science-based degrees (e.g., biology, chemistry, pre-med) are ideal to meet medical school prerequisites. Admission to medical school is competitive and requires:

• High GPA
• Strong MCAT scores
• Medical work experience
• Excellent letters of recommendation

During medical school, students study subjects like anatomy, pharmacology, and physiology, followed by clinical rotations. Upon graduation, they must complete an internship and a neurology residency.

Certification and Board Exams

After completing a residency, neurologists may become board-certified through the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology. Certification demonstrates a high level of competency and professionalism.

Subspecialty certifications are also available in fields like sleep medicine, epilepsy, and brain injury medicine.

Licensing Requirements

All practicing neurologists must be licensed by the state in which they work. This includes passing the U.S. Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE). Licensure ensures the physician meets national and state medical standards.

MD vs DO: What’s the Difference?

Both MDs (Doctor of Medicine) and DOs (Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine) are fully licensed physicians. While their education and certification paths are similar, DOs often receive additional training in holistic and musculoskeletal care.